Conditionals

1. Zero (facts): If + present, present — If you heat ice, it melts. 2. First (real future): If + present, will + base — If it rains, we will stay home. 3. Second (unreal present): If + past, would + base — If I had money, I would buy a car. 4. Third (unreal past): If + past perfect, would have + participle — If you had asked, I would have helped. 5. Mixed: If + past perfect, would + base — If I had studied, I would be a doctor now. 6. "Unless" = if...not — Unless you hurry, you will miss the bus. 7. "Were" is used instead of "was" in formal second conditionals: If I were you.

हिंदी में

Conditional — if वाले वाक्य। असली स्थिति के लिए first, अवास्तविक वर्तमान के लिए second और अवास्तवित भूतकाल के लिए third conditional।

Q1. Choose the correct sentence.

• If I had the money, I would buy a car.
• If I have the money, I would buy a car.
• If I had the money, I will buy a car.
• If I would have the money, I would buy a car.

Answer: If I had the money, I would buy a car.

💡 Second conditional: if + past, would + base verb.

Q2. Complete: "If they had left earlier, they ___ the traffic."

• would have avoided
• will avoid
• would avoid
• avoided

Answer: would have avoided

💡 Third conditional result → would have + past participle.

Q3. Which sentence contains an error?

• If you study, you will pass.
• If I were rich, I would travel.
• If he had asked, she would have helped.
• If it will rain, we will stay home.

Answer: If it will rain, we will stay home.

💡 No "will" in the if-clause: "If it rains".